TYPOLOGIES OF SOURCE OF CARE AMONG OLDER ADULTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES

Abstract Background We investigated typologies of source of care for older adults in China and the United States and applied Anderson Health Behavior model to examine associated significant determinants. Methods Cross-sectional data from 2014 Health and Retirement Study and 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. We included older respondents aged 65+ who had at least one limitation in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) (NChina=2,482, NUS=3,152). Respondents reported whether they received assistance with ADLs and IADLs from spouse, child/grandchild, relatives, other, and formal helpers, respectively. We employed latent class analysis to characterize the typologies of sources of care and multinomial logistic regression to examine the significant determinants of identified typologies. Results Four classes were identified in China: class 1 (59.91%) minimal care with IADL assistance from child/grandchild; class 2 (8.66%) child/grandchild-based care; class 3 (27.96%) spouse-based care; and class 4 (3.46%) spouse/child/grandchild-based care. Five classes were identified in the US: class 1 (51.97%) minimal care overall with limited spousal support; class 2 (20.88%) child/grandchild-based care; class 3 (8.44%) spouse-based care; class 4 (13.20%) formal care plus child/grandchild support; and class 5 (6.31%) various sources. In both countries, ADL and IADL were significant determinants. Conclusion In the US, sources of care were more diverse and included formal assistance. In contrast, older Chinese relied largely on their spouses and children/grandchildren for support. In both countries, physical circumstances are significant determinants. Policy efforts on supporting family-based care and expanding formal care are needed in both countries, particularly China.

Background: To identify the association of circadian rhythms and objective measures of physical activity at a different time-zone of day, as well as examine gender differences.Methods: Participants aged 50 years and older living in the community in Taiwan were recruited.Those who suffer from dementia (cognitive dysfunction), mental illness, depression, or those taking drugs that affect daytime activities (e.g.sleeping pills, central nervous system drugs) were excluded.Activity was measured by wearable actigraphy device for at least seven days, diary, and self-reported questionnaires.Results: Among the 55 participants enrolled in the beginning, 34 (62%) meet the criteria that wore a wearable actigraphy device at least 7 completed days were analyzed.The activity in the morning was the highest among the participants.Although not statistically significant, as the age increases, the amount of activity decreases (H value=4.943, P=0.084); the amount of activity in the evening is higher for people with higher education(Z=-1.776,P=0.076); people with lower loneliness had higher activity levels (Z=-1.622,P=0.105); people with better nutritional status had higher activity (Z=-1.656,P=0.098).The amount of activity in women is positively and significantly related to regular exercise (Z=-2.653,P=0.007**), and nutrition(Z=-2.367,P=0.017*), while men are significantly related to retired status(Z=-2.132,P=0.033*).Conclusions: People who are older, retired, with chronic disease, more depression, and loneliness were associated with lower objective measure of physical activity.Determinant factors exist gender differences: while men are predicted by social variables (retired status), women are predicted by physiological variables (regular physical activity and nutritional status).(Smith & Osborn, 2003).Trustworthiness was assessed with member checking and researcher triangulation.Results revealed that although it is still culturally stigmatized, Colatec social dancing was essential for participants' healthy aging.Participants perceived numerous benefits from social dancing that motivated their enduring engagement, despite the risks of the social stigma associated with Colatec dancing.Themes that emerged included: 1) Exercise from social dancing alleviated stress and depressive feelings associated with negative life events; 2) Colatec dancing boosted many participants' self-esteem, enhancing their overall wellbeing; and 3) Meaningful social connections were developed among participants.Findings align with existing literature on how moderate physical activity contributes to older adults' health (Bauman et al., 2016).Moreover, leisure serves as a social lubricant and enhances healthy aging (Mitas et al., 2011).Lastly, perceived by participants as a "playground", Colatec affords older Koreans a space for engaging leisure activity which facilitated their healthy aging process (Heo et al., 2018).

FAMILY AND INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONS: DIVERSE SOURCES AND SPACES
Abstract citation ID: igad104.3058

A STUDY ON JOB STRESS AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AND SELF-REPORTED HEALTH AMONG OLDER ADULTS. Madhyami Deshmukh, and Peter Martin, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States
Job stress among older adults has not been sufficiently researched, and findings balance between work and personal life has become imperative.The aim of this research is to examine a path model that includes demographic variables (age, gender, and education), job stress, and self-reported health.Two recent waves (waves 13 and 14) of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) were included in this analysis.A total of 8535 participants (3971 males and 4564 females) were part of this study.Bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses were computed.The process macro in SPSS was used to assess mediation.Results indicated that job stress was associated with age, gender, and education such that women and more highly educated participants had higher job stress levels, whereas older adults had lower job stress levels.The multiple regression analysis showed that only age was significantly associated with stress, whereas gender and education were not.Furthermore, education was positively associated with better health, but health did not correlate with age or gender.As expected, job stress was associated with self-reported health at a later time point, such that more job stress was related to lower self-reported health levels.Finally, job stress mediated between demographic variables and health at a later time point.As the data were collected before the pandemic, it would be important to see if these results would have changed over the course of the pandemic.Future interventions should develop appropriate work-life balance to promote better health in later life.

AGING AND SEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS: RECIPROCAL RELATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICAL PLEASURE AND EMOTIONAL SATISFACTION
Getrude Nyang'au, Pei-Shu Chao, and Duane Rudy, University of Missouri -Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States Previous research has found significant associations between physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction in sexual relationships.However, much of this research is cross-sectional and has focused on young and middle-aged adults.The present study examined data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP).Physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction were assessed at three points in time (2005/2006; 2010/2011; and 2015/2016).Only data from individuals who were alive at all time points were used in the analysis.Three cohorts were examined: at time 1, the first cohort ranged in age from 57-64, the second cohort from 65-74, and the third cohort from 75-85.We examined reciprocal relations between physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction across time using a Random Intercepts Cross-Lagged Panel Model.The results revealed a positive reciprocal relationship between emotional satisfaction and physical pleasure among the first cohort, with emotional satisfaction at time 1 positively associated with physical pleasure at time 2, which in turn was positively associated with emotional satisfaction at time 3.For the second cohort, physical pleasure at time 2 predicted emotional satisfaction at time 3. Relationships among the two variables were not significant for the third cohort.The implication of this study would be to inform older adults in ongoing sexual relationships on the need to invest in activities that enhance physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction.Future research could examine what variables might account for reciprocal relationships being found for the first as opposed to the third cohort.

AGING, MIGRATION, AND GRANDPARENTING IN POST-ONE CHILD POLICY CHINA Nan Zhang, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom
China's rapid rural-urban migration and population ageing are posing significant challenges to traditional patterns of intergenerational familial support.To tackle population ageing, China's one-child policy has been replaced by a two-child policy, subsequently a three-child policy.With limited institutional childcare facilities in place, ageing grandparents from rural areas often move to the cities where their adult migrant children settle to provide care for grandchildren.This group of older, rural people are largely marginalised and are invisible on the current research and policy agenda.This ongoing study, conducted in the Yangtze River delta urban area -one of the most developed, crowded, and the largest migrant-receiving urban regions in Chinaaims to uncover their experiences during the process of migration and adaptation, and establish the way in which this arrangement of grandparenting has impacted their everyday

THE ROLES OF COLATEC SOCIAL DANCING IN HEALTHY AGING AMONG KOREAN OLDER ADULTS
We investigated typologies of source of care for older adults in China and the United States and applied Anderson Health Behavior model to examine associated significant determinants.Methods: Cross-sectional data from 2014 Health and Retirement Study and 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used.We included older respondents aged 65+ who had at least one limitation in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) (NChina=2,482, NUS=3,152).Respondents reported whether they received assistance with ADLs and IADLs from spouse, child/grandchild, relatives, other, and formal helpers, respectively.We employed latent class analysis to characterize the typologies of sources of care and multinomial logistic regression to examine the significant determinants of identified typologies.Results: Four classes were identified in China: class 1 (59.91%)minimal care with IADL assistance In the US, sources of care were more diverse and included formal assistance.In contrast, older Chinese relied largely on their spouses and children/grandchildren for support.In both countries, physical circumstances are significant determinants.Policy efforts on supporting family-based care and expanding formal care are needed in both countries, particularly China.